WOLAS olarak Tunus \u0130stinaf Mahkemesinin 3 \u015eubat 2026 tarihli karar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak, dosya kapsam\u0131na ve karar\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tam metni \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Tunus\u2019un se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Meclisi\u2019nin eski Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Nahda Hareketi lideri Ra\u015fid Gannu\u015fi hakk\u0131nda May\u0131s 2025\u2019te 14 y\u0131l olarak h\u00fckmedilen hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n 20 y\u0131la y\u00fckseltilmesini ve bu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n gerek\u00e7eli bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya ba\u011flanmamas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiddetle k\u0131namaktay\u0131z. Nisan 2023\u2019ten bu yana tutuklu bulunan 84 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir muhalif siyaset\u00e7iye y\u00f6neltilen cezan\u0131n bu \u015fekilde a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ola\u011fan bir ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 tasarrufu say\u0131larak ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilemeyecektir. Bu durum, Tunus\u2019ta ceza yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir enstr\u00fcmana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp siyaseti tasfiye etmeye y\u00f6neldi\u011fi; \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fun \u2018g\u00fcvenlik tehdidi\u2019 olarak yeniden adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve muhalefetin \u2018ibretlik\u2019 cezalarla terbiye edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kamusal iklimi do\u011furmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rma, 25 Temmuz 2021 sonras\u0131nda geli\u015fen ve bizzat \u015eubat 2024 tarihinde yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Tunus\u2019ta Ya\u015fanan Hak \u0130hlalleri<\/em> raporumuzda detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceled\u011fimiz daha geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 anayasal ve hukuk\u00ee k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n somutla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal hukukunun sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 me\u015fruiyet zemininde y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetkisi hukuk aleyhine haddinden fazla geni\u015flemi\u015f, se\u00e7ilmi\u015f yasama organ\u0131 fiilen devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Afrika \u0130nsan ve Halklar\u0131n Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi\u2019nin tavsiyelerine ra\u011fmen bir Anayasa Mahkemesi olu\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in anayasal uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar yarg\u0131sal denetim sahas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devam\u0131nda, yarg\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin yeniden tanzimi; h\u00e2kimlerin meslek\u00ee kaderleri ve disiplin s\u00fcre\u00e7leri \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin etkisi yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daimi bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fartlarda, siyasal a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek soru\u015fturmalar ve davalar yaln\u0131zca kanun maddeleriyle de\u011fil, bu maddelerin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarg\u0131sal ortam\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmek zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00f6z konusu yarg\u0131lama, \u2018devlet g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 komplo\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr isnatlar, mahiyetleri gere\u011fi, ceza hukukunun en riskli alan\u0131d\u0131r. \u2018Devlet g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 kavram\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirsiz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, siyasal muhalefeti kriminal kategoriye terc\u00fcme eden bir istisna tekni\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ceza hukuku, bu noktada, su\u00e7la m\u00fccadele arac\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p siyasal rekabetin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla tasfiyesi i\u00e7in i\u015fletilen bir ayg\u0131ta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dosyan\u0131n \u00e7er\u00e7evesi yarg\u0131laman\u0131n anonim tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131na ve telekom\u00fcnikasyon verilerine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Anonim tan\u0131kl\u0131k, ancak istisnaen ve s\u0131k\u0131 g\u00fcvenceler alt\u0131nda tolere edilebilir. Savunman\u0131n tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkin bi\u00e7imde sorgulayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131; beyan\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini, tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve menfaat ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fczende tan\u0131k delili, ger\u00e7ekte tek tarafl\u0131 bir iddia konumuna geriler. Benzer bi\u00e7imde, i\u00e7erikten yoksun ileti\u015fim kay\u0131tlar\u0131, tek ba\u015f\u0131na, i\u015ftirak iradesini, kast\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeyi ispatlamaz; ancak temas\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Temas\u0131 su\u00e7 saymak, hukukun en temel ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r: irtibat\u0131 su\u00e7, ili\u015fkiyi i\u015ftirak, yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kast yerine koymak, ceza adaletini delilden de\u011fil, \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan kurmakt\u0131r. Dinlemeler, kay\u0131tlar, plan belgeleri, mali izler, silah, itiraf yahut ba\u015fka maddi deliller gibi ola\u011fan teyit unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, delil e\u015fi\u011finin, savunman\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctemeyece\u011fi bi\u00e7imde kurulmu\u015f bir g\u00fcvenlik anlat\u0131s\u0131 ile ikame edildi\u011fi intiba\u0131n\u0131 uyand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tunus\u2019un uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukukundan do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri bir iyi niyet temennisi de\u011fil, ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalard\u0131r. Yetkili, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve tarafs\u0131z bir mahkeme \u00f6n\u00fcnde adil ve aleni yarg\u0131lanma, masumiyet karinesi, silahlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi, m\u00fcdafi yard\u0131m\u0131na etkin eri\u015fim ve tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorgulama hakk\u0131, \u00f6zellikle a\u011f\u0131r yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar do\u011furan yarg\u0131lamalarda \u00e7ekirde\u011fi olu\u015fturan g\u00fcvencelerdir. Cezan\u0131n gerek\u00e7esiz art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hukuka uygunlu\u011fu ayr\u0131ca yaralayan bir unsur olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdad\u0131r. Gerek\u00e7eli karar bir tezyinat de\u011fil, yarg\u0131sal hesap verilebilirli\u011fin \u015fart\u0131 ve keyf\u00eeli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131ca teminatt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, WOLAS olarak yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen tedbirlere ili\u015fkin Eyl\u00fcl 2022 tarihli Afrika \u0130nsan ve Halklar\u0131n Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi karar\u0131na ra\u011fmen k\u0131tasal yarg\u0131 g\u00f6zetiminin fiilen g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesini kayg\u0131 verici bulmaktay\u0131z. Afrika Birli\u011fi, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler mekanizmalar\u0131 ve Tunus\u2019un uluslararas\u0131 ortaklar\u0131, bunun ola\u011fan bir ceza davas\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 kurmacay\u0131 reddetmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu sebeplerle WOLAS olarak: (i) istinaf karar\u0131n\u0131n tam metniyle birlikte gerek\u00e7eli olarak derhal yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131; (ii) anonim tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa dayanma ve delil yeterlili\u011fi dahil olmak \u00fczere, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve tarafs\u0131z bir merci \u00f6n\u00fcnde etkili bir yarg\u0131sal denetim yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131; (iii) dosyaya eri\u015fim, m\u00fcdafi yard\u0131m\u0131 ve silahlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi d\u00e2hil adil yarg\u0131lanma g\u00fcvencelerine s\u0131k\u0131 bi\u00e7imde riayet edilmesini; (iv) siyasal hayat\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 geni\u015f yorumlanan komplo ve kar\u015f\u0131-ter\u00f6r \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri \u00fczerinden su\u00e7la\u015ft\u0131ran g\u00fcvenlik\u00e7i kovu\u015fturma prati\u011fine son verilmesini talep etmekte ve (v) 84 ya\u015f\u0131nda olup ciddi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fayan Ra\u015fid Gannu\u015fi\u2019nin hukukun ve hakkaniyetin gere\u011fi olarak tutuksuz yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 l\u00fczumunu uluslararas\u0131 kamuouyuna sayg\u0131yla bildirmekteyiz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" WOLAS olarak Tunus \u0130stinaf Mahkemesinin 3 \u015eubat 2026 tarihli karar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak, dosya kapsam\u0131na ve karar\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tam metni \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Tunus\u2019un se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Meclisi\u2019nin eski Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Nahda Hareketi lideri Ra\u015fid Gannu\u015fi hakk\u0131nda May\u0131s 2025\u2019te 14 y\u0131l olarak h\u00fckmedilen hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n 20 y\u0131la y\u00fckseltilmesini ve bu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n gerek\u00e7eli bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya ba\u011flanmamas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiddetle k\u0131namaktay\u0131z. Nisan 2023\u2019ten bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[17,18],"class_list":["post-2947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-acil-eylem-cagrilari","tag-rached-ghannouchi","tag-tunuisia"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2947"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2953,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2947\/revisions\/2953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wolas.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}